Polymyositis

What is polymyositis?

Polymyositis is an inflammatory condition affecting multiple muscles in the body, causing pain and discomfort. It typically impacts large muscle groups such as the shoulders, hips, thighs, and back, leading to weakness and reduced mobility. Polymyositis is an autoimmune condition, meaning the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own muscle tissues, resulting in inflammation. The exact cause of polymyositis is unknown, but genetic factors may play a role. While it is more common in adults, juvenile polymyositis can also occur in children.

Although there is no cure for polymyositis, managing the symptoms is essential to help you continue with your normal daily activities. Physiotherapy can be highly effective in reducing discomfort and supporting an active, healthy lifestyle. At acephysiosports.com, our specialist physiotherapists can work with you to develop a personalised programme tailored to your individual needs.

What are the symptoms of polymyositis?

Polymyositis can cause a variety of symptoms, and some may be more pronounced than others. Your physiotherapist at acephysiosports.com will design a personalised treatment programme to specifically address your symptoms.

  • Muscle weakness – often affecting the shoulders, hips, thighs, and neck.
  • Muscle pain and tenderness – discomfort in the affected areas.
  • Fatigue – general tiredness and reduced energy levels.
  • Difficulty swallowing – if throat muscles are involved.
  • Respiratory issues – shortness of breath if chest muscles are affected.
  • Fever or malaise – feeling unwell or experiencing low-grade fever.
  • Reduced mobility – difficulty performing everyday tasks due to muscle weakness.

How is polymyositis diagnosed?

There is no single test to diagnose polymyositis, so your doctor will consider a combination of factors, including your symptoms and blood test results. Starting physiotherapy as soon as a diagnosis is confirmed is important to achieve the best possible outcomes.

  • Physical examination – assessing muscle strength, tenderness, and range of motion.
  • Blood tests – checking for elevated muscle enzymes such as creatine kinase (CK) that indicate muscle inflammation.
  • Autoantibody tests – to detect specific antibodies associated with autoimmune muscle disease.
  • Electromyography (EMG) – measuring electrical activity in muscles to detect abnormalities.
  • Muscle biopsy – taking a small sample of muscle tissue to confirm inflammation.
  • Imaging tests – such as MRI, to identify areas of muscle inflammation.

How will physiotherapy help with polymyositis?

Physiotherapy can help manage the symptoms of polymyositis in several ways. At acephysiosports.com, your physiotherapist will carry out a comprehensive assessment, which will form the basis of an individualised treatment programme designed to address your specific difficulties.

  • Pain relief – gentle techniques and exercises to reduce discomfort.
  • Improved muscle strength – targeting weakened muscles to restore function.
  • Enhanced mobility – maintaining and improving range of motion in affected areas.
  • Posture and movement training – reducing strain on muscles and joints.
  • Fatigue management – pacing activities and balancing rest with exercise.
  • Return to daily activities – gradually restoring independence and functional ability.
  • Education and self-management – teaching strategies to manage symptoms and prevent flare-ups.

What physiotherapy will be used for polymyositis?

The physiotherapy chosen by acephysiosports.com will depend on your current symptoms and treatment goals. Your programme will be adapted to your needs, and your physiotherapist will encourage you to take an active role in your rehabilitation.

  • Range of motion exercises – to maintain and improve flexibility in affected muscles.
  • Strengthening exercises – to build muscle support around weakened areas.
  • Manual therapy – hands-on techniques to reduce stiffness and improve mobility.
  • Posture and movement training – correcting alignment and movement patterns to reduce strain.
  • Breathing exercises – to support respiratory muscles if chest muscles are affected.
  • Low-impact aerobic exercises – such as walking or swimming to maintain overall fitness.
  • Education and self-management – guidance on activity pacing, flare-up management, and safe exercise routines.

Summary

Polymyositis is an autoimmune condition that causes inflammation and pain in multiple muscles in the body. While it is more common in adults, a form known as juvenile polymyositis can also occur. Symptoms may include muscle pain, weakness, inflammation, and sometimes difficulty with breathing. Physiotherapy is highly effective in managing these symptoms and helping you maintain an active lifestyle. At acephysiosports.com, our experienced physiotherapists work closely with you to design a programme tailored to your goals and needs. To book an appointment, call us today on +65 81535374 or schedule your session online.

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