Ace Physiotherapy and Sports in Singapore
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ACE PHYSIO SPORTS
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Myositis Ossificans
What is myositis ossificans?
Myositis ossificans refers to the abnormal formation of bone tissue within a muscle. It most commonly affects the quadriceps muscle group at the front of the thigh, often developing after a severe contusion or “dead leg.” The condition is generally thought to occur when a person resumes normal activity too soon after a significant muscle bruise, disrupting the healing process. Physiotherapy plays an important role in recovery following a diagnosis of myositis ossificans.
How does myositis ossificans happen?
A contusion, or bruise, occurs when a direct blow or impact crushes a muscle against the underlying bone. Although the exact cause of myositis ossificans is not fully understood, it is believed to develop when a contusion re-bleeds during the healing process. This can happen if activity is resumed too soon, or as a result of overly vigorous massage or stretching of the affected muscle, particularly the quadriceps.
What are the symptoms of myositis ossificans?
Myositis ossificans is characterised by an unusually slow recovery from a contusion injury. Pain and range of movement often improve in the first few weeks after the injury; however, as bone gradually forms within the muscle, pain and stiffness tend to worsen. Night pain and increased discomfort in the morning may also occur. Other symptoms may include:
- A hard lump within the muscle at the site of injury
- Persistent swelling and tenderness
- Reduced strength in the affected muscle
- Difficulty performing normal movements or activities involving the injured muscle
What should I do if I have myositis ossificans?
The appropriate management of contusions (see Dead Leg) is the most effective way to prevent the onset of myositis ossificans. However, if you have recently sustained a dead leg or contusion injury and suspect you may have developed myositis ossificans, you should arrange an immediate assessment with a physiotherapist. Early diagnosis and treatment can help minimise complications and support a more effective recovery.
Physiotherapy treatment for myositis ossificans.
Physiotherapy assessment and advice are essential in the treatment of myositis ossificans. Your physiotherapist can diagnose the condition and may refer you for an X-ray to confirm the diagnosis. Unfortunately, treatment options for myositis ossificans are limited. Physiotherapy techniques can help reduce pain and support rest, but activity and stretching generally worsen the condition. You will be closely monitored throughout your recovery, as the body gradually reabsorbs the bone formation.
Once possible, your physiotherapist will design a programme of stretching and strengthening exercises to restore muscle length, rebuild muscle strength, and support your return to sport. Padding may be recommended to protect the affected area when you resume sporting activities. Other treatments may include:
- Ice therapy to help reduce pain and inflammation
- Pain-relieving medication as advised by your doctor or physiotherapist
- Gentle mobility work to maintain movement without aggravating the injury
- Gradual reintroduction of functional activities under professional supervision
- Education on activity modification to prevent recurrence
What shouldn’t I do if I have myositis ossificans?
If you have or suspect you have myositis ossificans, you should never attempt to “stretch out” the injury. Overstretching can worsen the condition by aggravating the affected muscle, increasing pain, stimulating further bone formation, and prolonging recovery. Likewise, deep massage over the injured area should be avoided, as it can trigger the same harmful effects.
Could there be any long-term effects from myositis ossificans?
Myositis ossificans can cause pain that persists for several months and often requires extended periods of rest. Unfortunately, there are no treatments that can significantly speed up the process of bone reabsorption. While recovery can be slow, the outlook is generally positive, and a full recovery is usually expected.
To arrange an appointment, please call +65 81535374 or visit acephysiosports.com.
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