Fusion

Thoracic Fusion

Thoracic fusion surgery is performed to stabilise the upper back (thoracic spine) and prevent unwanted movement. During the procedure, the space between vertebrae is filled with a bone graft, which may be taken from your hip or a bone bank, and secured with metal plates, screws, or wires. The surgery can be approached from the front or back, and the bone graft typically takes 3–4 months to fully fuse.

Thoracic fusion is commonly used to treat:

  • Mid-back, chest, or rib pain
  • Fractured vertebrae
  • Spinal deformities such as scoliosis or kyphosis
  • Spinal instability
  • Damaged discs (fusion combined with discectomy)
  • Weak or unstable spine caused by infections or tumours

In addition to stabilising the spine, thoracic fusion can relieve pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots, reducing pain and improving function.

Physiotherapy Before a Thoracic Fusion

Pre-surgery physiotherapy helps maintain strength and flexibility in your back and neck, supporting a smoother recovery. Remaining active with gentle stretching and strengthening exercises in the weeks before surgery is strongly encouraged.

Symptoms Following a Thoracic Fusion

After surgery, pain and reduced spinal mobility are common. Your physiotherapist will typically see you the day after surgery to assess your arm and leg strength and mobility. Early walking and marching on the spot will be encouraged, and safe transfer techniques will be taught. You can usually go home once you are independently mobile, able to perform exercises safely, and assessed for stair climbing. The hospital stay for thoracic fusion is generally 2 days, and it may take 3–4 months for the bone to fully fuse. Continuing physiotherapy after discharge is essential for optimal recovery.

Physiotherapy Following a Thoracic Fusion

At acephysiosports.com, physiotherapy after thoracic fusion is designed to help you manage daily activities comfortably and regain your full functional potential. Treatment is tailored to your progress, with both short- and long-term goals.

1–2 Weeks

Initial therapy focuses on reducing pain and inflammation while gradually increasing activity. Interventions may include:

  • Ice application to reduce swelling and discomfort
  • Positioning techniques in bed, chair, and during daily tasks
  • Guidance on safe movements and activities to avoid
  • Gentle range-of-motion exercises and low-impact activities such as walking

2–6 Weeks

As recovery progresses, exercises will focus on increasing flexibility and strengthening back muscles. Your physiotherapist will introduce a structured programme to restore function and help you return to your previous activity levels. Therapy may include:

  • Upper back stretching exercises
  • Active range-of-motion exercises
  • Walking and stationary cycling

6–12 Weeks

During this stage, activity levels are further increased while avoiding heavy lifting or manual labour for at least three months. Exercises will target functional and recreational activities important to you, such as swimming, tennis, or gardening. Physiotherapy may include:

  • Active and passive movement of the upper back, neck, and shoulders
  • Isometric abdominal strengthening
  • Stretching exercises to improve range of motion
  • Continued aerobic exercises like walking and cycling

12+ Weeks

Recovery may continue for up to three months to ensure confidence with daily, work, and sporting activities. Your physiotherapist will continue to progress exercises to restore spinal mobility, strength, and overall fitness. Following your personalised programme will help you achieve the best possible outcomes.

At acephysiosports.com, our physiotherapists aim to optimise your independence, functional ability, and confidence so you can return to the activities that matter most, as safely and quickly as possible.

To arrange an appointment, please call +65 81535374 or visit acephysiosports.com.

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